India stands at a pivotal diplomatic juncture as Bangladesh’s interim government presses for the extradition of former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina. While a formal request was submitted on December 23, the path forward is fraught with significant legal, geopolitical, and strategic challenges, casting doubt on New Delhi’s willingness to comply.
Under the terms of the 2013 India-Bangladesh extradition treaty, requests deemed “political in nature” are explicitly excluded, and sources within India’s diplomatic circles emphasize that this case falls squarely within that category. India’s decision will be influenced by Hasina’s long-standing role as a reliable ally in safeguarding regional stability and advancing sub-regional cooperation, which is vital for India’s strategic goals.
During her tenure as Prime Minister, Sheikh Hasina cultivated a strong and enduring partnership between India and Bangladesh, characterized by unprecedented security cooperation. Her administration took decisive action against extremist networks and upheld a zero-tolerance policy toward anti-India insurgent activities—a legacy that remains crucial for India to acknowledge in the face of evolving regional dynamics.
“Extraditing Sheikh Hasina under these circumstances would not only undermine a key ally but could also send a dangerous precedent to other regional partners,” noted a senior Indian official, speaking on condition of anonymity. “India has a long tradition of upholding justice and protecting political refugees, as seen in cases like the Dalai Lama,” reports Economic Times.
Awami League raises alarms over ‘conspiracy to kill Hasina’
Bangladesh’s Awami League has strongly denounced the interim government’s extradition request, labeling it a calculated move to eliminate Hasina through a “farcical trial.” In a fiery statementon Thursday, the party alleged that the interim administration, which it described as “unconstitutional and illegal,” is pursuing false charges for political revenge.
“The request to extradite Sheikh Hasina is part of a sinister plot to stage a mock trial and execute her,” the statement said, adding that the current regime’s actions amounted to genocide against political opponents and minority communities. The Awami League accused key interim government figures, including Nahid Islam, the de facto information minister, of making public threats to hang Hasina if she were brought back to Bangladesh.
“The world must recognize the gravity of this situation. Sheikh Hasina’s leadership is indispensable not only for Bangladesh but for the broader region,” the statement concluded.
Geopolitical implications for India
India’s reluctance to comply with the extradition request stems from broader geopolitical considerations. As a steadfast ally, Hasina has played a pivotal role in aligning Bangladesh with India’s strategic vision in South Asia. Her administration’s support in the 1971 war crimes tribunal, aimed at delivering justice for atrocities committed during Bangladesh’s liberation, was a cornerstone of her legacy. This move alienated groups opposed to India’s influence in the region, many of whom now back the interim government.
Experts warn that acceding to the extradition request could embolden anti-India elements and destabilize Bangladesh, a critical partner in India’s Act East policy. “India must carefully assess the ramifications of such a move. Sheikh Hasina’s leadership has ensured a conducive environment for India’s interests, and abandoning her now would undermine decades of progress,” said a foreign policy analyst, reports Hindustan Times.
The extradition treaty between India and Bangladesh provides specific safeguards against politically motivated cases and potential miscarriages of justice. Citing these provisions, Indian officials have signaled that any decision on the request will involve a meticulous review, likely stretching over months.
“The treaty explicitly prohibits extradition in cases where there is a risk of persecution or injustice,” a senior diplomat pointed out. “Given the current situation in Bangladesh, where the rule of law is under severe strain, the request is unlikely to pass muster.”
While New Delhi has maintained a deliberate silence on the matter, sources indicate that India is steadfast in its commitment to principles of justice and regional stability. Sheikh Hasina’s presence in India serves as a powerful symbol—not only of a historical alliance but also of a shared dedication to supporting those who have championed progress and peace in South Asia.
As the diplomatic narrative evolves, one certainty emerges: India is unlikely to abandon Sheikh Hasina, a leader whose legacy aligns closely with its vision of a stable and prosperous South Asia.
